Among the significant variables, BMI demonstrated the greatest discriminatory ability for identifying reduced muscle mass, with AUCs of 0.815(95%CI:0.763-0.859) in men and 0.763(95%CI:0.705-0.814) in women.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Older age, lower BMI, DSPN, and the use of insulin and sulfonylureas were independently associated with reduced muscle mass in elderly patients with T2DM. This evidence concerns the gene INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus.