In this review, authors discuss basic composition and mechanism of action of LBP, provide a comprehensive focused overview of published <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> studies on efficacy of LBP for prevention and treatment of infectious diseases such as viral (HIV, COVID-19), bacterial (<i>C.difficile</i> infection, bacterial vaginosis, multi-drug resistant organisms) and fungal (Candida) organisms. The gene discussed is LBP; the disease is infection.