Crucially, we established a mouse model of anti-PD-1-induced sialadenitis and demonstrated that therapeutic blockade of IL-17A restores salivary function.<h4>Conclusion</h4>This study establishes ICI-associated sialadenitis as a distinct pathological entity characterized by CD4<sup>+</sup>T cell-driven inflammation mediated through the Th17/IL-17 axis, which differs from Sjögren syndrome, predominantly involving B cells and from IgG4 related sialadenitis. The gene discussed is IL17A; the disease is Sjogren syndrome.