OC90 and Menkes disease: Given that elevated serum Otolin-1 and Otoconin-90 (OC90) levels are established biomarkers in BPPV and MD, this study aimed to determine whether these otoconia-derived proteins are also altered in VM.<h4>Methods</h4>In this case-control study, 40 patients with definite VM and 143 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were included.