These effects were accompanied by increased expression of the mitochondrial fatty-acid oxidation regulator carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1B (CPT1B) (+42.3% of mRNA level; +30.9% of protein level; both p < 0.05) and CPT2 (+57.7% of mRNA level, p < 0.05), improved mitochondrial ultrastructure and partial restoration of adipose mass.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Simultaneous downregulation of Activin A in the kidney and heart attenuates skeletal muscle atrophy and intramuscular adipogenesis, improves muscle mass and function and mitigates adipose tissue mass loss in cancer cachexia mice. This evidence concerns the gene CPT2 and cancer.