CPT1B and cancer: These effects were accompanied by increased expression of the mitochondrial fatty-acid oxidation regulator carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1B (CPT1B) (+42.3% of mRNA level; +30.9% of protein level; both p < 0.05) and CPT2 (+57.7% of mRNA level, p < 0.05), improved mitochondrial ultrastructure and partial restoration of adipose mass.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Simultaneous downregulation of Activin A in the kidney and heart attenuates skeletal muscle atrophy and intramuscular adipogenesis, improves muscle mass and function and mitigates adipose tissue mass loss in cancer cachexia mice.