ALB and coinfection: HIV coinfection seemed to be associated with a decrease in the CD4<sup>+</sup> T-cell count (SMD = -0.78, 95% CI: -1.34 to -0.23) and hemoglobin (SMD = -0.43, 95% CI: -0.64 to -0.22) and albumin (SMD = -0.35, 95% CI: -0.55 to -0.15) levels, whereas the CD8<sup>+</sup> T-cell count yielded the opposite statistical conclusion (SMD = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.03-0.67).