However, its potential therapeutic effect and mechanism of action in KD-induced lung injury are entirely unexplored.<h4>Aim of the study</h4>This study was designed to explore the therapeutic potential of phillyrin against KD-induced thrombocytosis and lung inflammation and its mechanism of action.<h4>Materials and methods</h4>C57BL/6 mice and NLRP3 knockout mice were intraperitoneal injected with Lactobacillus casei cell wall extract (LCWE) to establish models of KD-induced lung inflammation. The gene discussed is NLRP3; the disease is thrombocytosis disease.