In addition, SDD treatment decreased ROS, MDA, iron, ALOX5, p-mTOR/mTOR, TGF-<i>β</i>1, p-Smad2/3/Smad2/3 levels in DN, whereas elevated the levels of SLC7A11, GPX4 and p-AMPK/AMPK. Here, SMAD2 is linked to liver dysplastic nodule.