Accordingly, the conditioned medium collected from such trained macrophages could upregulate expression of HF markers (<i>i.e</i>., NPPA/B) in AC16 cardiomyocytes.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Multi-cohort, single-cell RNA-seq, and experimental data collectively suggest MTURN as a trained immunity-related biomarker for the diagnosis of heart failure with a potential link to PIEZO1-mediated cardiac remodeling. Here, PIEZO1 is linked to hydrops fetalis.