Secondary outcomes included urine microalbumin screening and new CKD diagnoses.<h4>Results</h4>Of 6754 individuals recruited (mean [SD] age, 55.3 [10.3] years; 4310 women [63.8%]), 954 (14.1%; mean [SD] age, 54.9 [10.0] years; 600 women [62.9%]) had 2 APOL1 risk alleles. Here, APOL1 is linked to chronic kidney disease.