Additionally, it explores impacts on stem cell genes, SRY-box transcription factor 2 (SOX2), octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (OCT4), and Nanog homeobox (NANOG), linking tobacco to cancer stem cell proliferation and metastasis (e.g., oral squamous cell carcinoma). The gene discussed is POU5F1; the disease is oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma.