<h4>Background</h4>Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1)-based immune checkpoint therapy (ICT), either alone or in combination with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) or bevacizumab, benefits a subset of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and reliable predictive biomarkers remain limited.<h4>Methods</h4>Between August 2024 and July 2025, 55 HCC patients treated with PD-1-based therapies were included. This evidence concerns the gene PDCD1 and hepatocellular carcinoma.