Here, we investigated whether deep learning (DL) applied to PD-L1 immunohistochemistry (IHC) slides could identify histological patterns predictive of outcome in patients treated with anti-PD-1 therapy.<h4>Methods</h4>We analyzed two independent NSCLC cohorts: MSK (n=182, training) and CGFL (n=108, validation). Here, CD274 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.