NFKB1 and inflammation: <i>Agrimonia pilosa</i> (AP) shows promise, but its effectiveness in airway inflammation requires further study.<h4>Objective</h4>To assess anti-inflammatory and lung-protective effects in LPS-stimulated A549 cells and an OVA+LPS mouse model, focusing on NF-κB/MAPK pathways and apoptosis-related markers.<h4>Materials and methods</h4>A549 cells were pretreated with AP and stimulated with LPS.