Recent advances in molecular pathology have elucidated the genetic underpinnings of benign aldosterone- and cortisol-producing adrenal lesions, identifying genes encoding mainly potassium and voltage-gated calcium channels in primary aldosteronism (PA), and <i>PRKACA</i>, <i>PRKAR1A</i>, <i>ARMC5</i> in hypercortisolism. This evidence concerns the gene ARMC5 and adrenal gland hyperfunction.