CD8A and neoplasm: In this exploratory study, we used three multiplex immunofluorescence (mIF) assays to characterize the spatial immune microenvironment associated with high CD8/PD-L1 infiltration.<h4>Methods</h4>Three mIF assays quantified the cell densities (cells/mm<sup>2</sup>) of CD3, CD8, PD-L1, PD-1, CD163, CD56, CD4, Foxp3, Granzyme B (GrzB), CD20, CD11c, CD15, Ki67, and cytokeratin (CK) in the invasive margin (IM) and tumor center (TC) using digital image analysis.