<h4>Background and purpose</h4>The treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (aNSCLC) with common epidermal growth factor receptor (cEGFR) mutations has evolved substantially over the last 15 years, with the discovery of activating epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations and introduction of first-, second- and third generation (gen) EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) as first-line therapy. This evidence concerns the gene EGFR and non-small cell lung carcinoma.