This study aims to investigate the serum concentrations of IL-38 in patients with PM/DM and their association with these conditions.<h4>Methods</h4>Serum IL-38 levels were quantified using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method in a cohort of 117 subjects, comprising 77 patients with myositis (8 with PM and 69 with DM) and 40 healthy controls. This evidence concerns the gene IL1F10 and dermatomyositis.