CFP and gestational diabetes: The current study evaluated the expression of properdin and FH transcripts and proteins in the placental tissues and umbilical cords (UC) of preeclampsia (PE), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) compared to normal healthy pregnancy (N).<h4>Methods</h4>The tissue histology of PE, GDM and RPL were observed using haematoxylin-eosin and Masson's trichrome staining.