We investigated the roles of M2-like macrophages and complement activation in hepatic injury associated with anti-MDA5 antibody-positive DM.<h4>Methods</h4>Liver specimens from five autopsy cases of anti-MDA5 antibody-positive DM were examined for the presence of CD80-positive M1-like and CD206-positive M2-like macrophages. This evidence concerns the gene IFIH1 and dermatomyositis.