GSDMD and thyroiditis: Mechanistically, MNP exposure stimulated thyroid follicular cell pyroptosis by upregulation of key pyroptotic mediators including NLRP3, CASPASE1, and GSDMD, driven by NF-κB signaling pathway activation.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Collectively, these findings provide novel mechanistic insights into MNP-induced thyroid toxicity and highlight the critical role of follicular cell pyroptosis, contributing to our understanding of the adverse health consequences associated with environmental plastic pollution.