CD4 and atrophic macular degeneration: MR analysis further supported a causal protective association between tea consumption and dry AMD, including geographic atrophy (OR = 0.44, 95% CI: 0.20-0.97), which may be partially attributable to immunological mechanisms, specifically the downregulation of secretory regulatory T cells (% of CD4 + Tregs) and CD45RA- CD4 + T cell (% of CD4 + T cell).