The gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples for IL-1β levels were collected at baseline and six weeks after nonsurgical periodontal therapy.<h4>Results</h4>All the groups showed improvement in both clinical and biochemical parameters when a comparison was made within and between the groups, but significant results were seen only in relation to Group IIB.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Group II patients (former smokers with periodontitis) showed better improvements in the variables evaluated. This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and periodontitis.