MTB-specific T-cell activation markers (CD38, CD27, HLA-DR, Ki67) and transcriptomic signatures (Sweeney3, Risk6, MAMS6) were assessed and compared to the reference standard MTB culture and smear results.<h4>Results</h4>Here, we show that both MTB-specific T-cell activation and transcriptomic signatures detected non-conversion and TB recurrence at month 9 or 12 after treatment initiation. This evidence concerns the gene CD38 and tuberculosis.