Shared immunosuppressive gene signatures were identified between PVR-overexpression-inducing CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells and IL-10-mediated regulatory pathways in T cells and monocytes.<h4>Discussion</h4>Collectively, these findings demonstrate that COPD reprograms the lung toward an immune-like organ by promoting immune cell-like trans-differentiation of structural cells, activating diverse regulated cell death pathways, and altering immune checkpoint signaling. The gene discussed is PVR; the disease is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.