Regarding immune mediators, only Fox-P3 expression varied significantly in pregnant women, with higher expression in the primary episode than in the recurrent one.<h4>Conclusions.</h4>Pregnant women are exposed to a high frequency of vivax malaria recurrences, with high parasite genetic variation, which may affect the development of effective protective immunity and favor adverse obstetric outcomes, both maternal and neonatal. This evidence concerns the gene FOXP3 and Plasmodium vivax malaria.