VDR and diabetes mellitus: We employed logistic regression models to evaluate the association of VDR polymorphisms with preDM and DM, accounting for potential confounding factors, including age, gender, body mass index (BMI), and vitamin D levels.<h4>Results</h4>The multivariable logistic regression analysis indicated a significant relationship between the ApaI polymorphism (rs7975232) and the risk of developing preDM or DM.