Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the association between GLP-1 RAs and MACEs in patients with and without T2DM based on race and sex.<h4>Methods</h4>We conducted a systematic literature search on the PubMed and Scopus databases, as well as ClinicalTrials.gov, for relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from inception to July 5, 2025. The gene discussed is GLP1R; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.