RNF157 and neoplasm: This study characterized E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF157 expression patterns in HCC through integrated multi-omics and single-cell analysis, developed an RNF157-associated prognostic signature, and explored its relationship with tumor microenvironment (TME) populations.<h4>Methods</h4>Clinical and RNA expression data were obtained from TCGA, GEO databases, and scRNA-seq datasets (GSE149614).