RNF157 and hepatocellular carcinoma: Flow cytometry confirmed successful experimental manipulation of TME populations, with reduced FAP + CAFs (45.54%→22.01%) and CD11b+ TAMs (35.03%→24.18%) following respective gene depletion.<h4>Conclusion</h4>We characterized RNF157 expression patterns in HCC at single-cell resolution and established a prognostic signature with moderate predictive performance requiring independent validation before clinical application.