This study investigated the genetic predisposition conferred by MTHFR C677T and its interaction with modifiable risk factors among patients with diabetic nephropathy in northern China, aiming to establish a region-specific risk prediction model for improved early identification and prevention.<h4>Material and methods</h4>From January 2018 to 2024, a total of 397 patients with type 2 diabetes were selected from the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University. This evidence concerns the gene MTHFR and type 2 diabetes mellitus.