TFF3 and neoplasm: In contrast, <i>TFF3</i> expression was significantly lower in PTC, suggesting a tumor-suppressive role, potentially through modulating immune responses and reducing OS.<h4>Conclusion</h4><i>CCND1</i> is identified as a key oncogene in PTC, whose high expression promotes tumor progression through OS-related pathways like PI3K/AKT and MAPK.