Hippocampal samples were then analyzed for inflammatory factors, synaptic protein expression (PSD-95, SYN by RT-qPCR and immunofluorescence), microglial activation (Iba1 immunofluorescence), and dendritic spine density (Golgi staining).<h4>Results</h4>Network pharmacology successfully identified significant overlaps between ginsenoside Rk1 targets and pathways associated with inflammation and cognitive impairment, prominently featuring the PI3K/Akt pathway. Here, AIF1 is linked to Cognitive impairment.