Elevated fasting glucose was associated with cognitive impairment in Kenya and North Texas, while severe hypertension and diabetes were linked to Alzheimer's disease-related biomarkers [pTau217/181, NFL and Aβ42/40] in North Texas (<i>all p ≤ 0.05</i>). The gene discussed is NEFL; the disease is early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.