Additionally, the levels of antioxidant enzymes in the hippocampus were measured using ELISA.<h4>Results</h4>The findings indicated that the T2D group had lower levels of antioxidant enzymes, Maf, Bcl2, PGC1α, and Nrf2, and higher levels of BAX and Keap1 in the hippocampus. The gene discussed is PPARGC1A; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.