TNF and infection: Distinct AT components mediate tissue repair and infection resistance through unique molecular mechanisms.<h4>Results</h4>Functionally, adipocytes and immune cells secrete various cytokines, including adiponectin, leptin, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), antimicrobial peptides, and IL-17, which coordinate inflammatory signaling and enhance host defense mechanisms.