The mean age was 68.1 ± 10.4 years, 65% were men, 48% were inpatients, 79% had a "de novo" HF diagnosis, 39% of patients had a prior treatment with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers, 61% with beta-blockers, and 27% with mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists. This evidence concerns the gene ACE and hydrops fetalis.