In particular, <i>RNF11</i> knockdown significantly reduced proliferation, migration, and invasion in 5637 and T24 cells, while transcriptomic analysis revealed alterations in tumors after <i>RNF11</i> knockdown including TNF and MAPK signaling pathway, indicating a potential mechanism by which RNF11 regulates bladder cancer progression.<h4>Conclusion</h4>We established a CAF-based prognostic model that integrates single-cell insights with bulk transcriptomics for robust risk stratification in BLCA. Here, TNF is linked to bladder transitional cell carcinoma.