IL1B and systemic lupus erythematosus: Longitudinal analysis during a 24-week follow-up indicated that higher baseline IL-1β levels were associated with an increased risk of LN development, supporting its potential prognostic relevance.<h4>Conclusion</h4>IL-1β and miR-146a are elevated in patients with SLE, with IL-1β levels correlating with new-onset disease and LN development.