TNF and Cognitive impairment: Elevated IL-6, TNF-α, and NSE levels were identified as risk factors for cognitive impairment in SeLECTS children (<i>p</i> < 0.05), whereas older age of onset was a protective factor (<i>p</i> < 0.05).<h4>Conclusion</h4>IL-6, TNF-α, NSE, spike peak voltage, discharge index, and age of onset are associated with cognitive impairment in SeLECTS children and may serve as valuable potential biomarkers, providing insights for early intervention.