PTGS2 and periodontitis: The levels of key inflammation-related proteins, including inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, COX-2, and microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1), were found to be markedly increased in the periodontitis-induced control group by 140.12 (±13.44)%, 189.69 (±5.71)%, 88.29 (±2.79)%, 209.89 (±12.58)%, and 726.28 (±17.68)%, respectively (p < 0.01), in comparison to the normal group.