This process is controlled by the thioredoxin (Trx) and thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) redox system, which is dysregulated in B cells from patients with SLE [56].Finally, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), such as butyrate, produced by the gut microbiota, can modulate Breg differentiation and function, demonstrating a link between diet, the microbiome, and Breg-mediated immunity [57]. This evidence concerns the gene TXN and systemic lupus erythematosus.