Current approaches include epigenetic reprogramming using HDAC inhibitors and DNA methyltransferase inhibitors; microenvironmental modulation through extracellular matrix manipulation and vascular normalization; differentiation therapy exemplified by all-trans retinoic acid in acute promyelocytic leukemia; and targeting oncogene addiction as demonstrated in BCR-ABL-driven leukemias. This evidence concerns the gene ABL1 and leukemia.