Notably, the protective effect appears more pronounced with GLP-1RA monotherapy than with combination therapy involving insulin, underscoring key clinical considerations for treatment selection. Given the growing global prevalence of T2DM and its progression to liver-related complications, GLP-1RAs show promise as dual-purpose agents that may offer both metabolic and hepatoprotective advantages. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.