In this context, the present study aims to evaluate the associations between NOX2 activity and the main inflammatory (IL-6, CRP, COX-2) and apoptotic (Caspase-3) biomarkers in Congolese patients with T2D; explore the influence of family history on NOX2 levels; and analyze the impact of antidiabetic treatments on the oxidative profile, in order to better understand the pathophysiological mechanisms involved and consider potential local therapeutic targets. The gene discussed is CASP3; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.