NFKB1 and Respiratory distress: One of the known mechanisms of action used by natural GC to dampen inflammation induced by immune cells is to affect the transcription of genes activated by the NF-κB pathway.52 In a study by Aghai et al53 the administration of DEXA to neonates with respiratory distress was followed by a suppressed expression of NF-κB in the cytoplasm and nuclei of the isolated mononuclear cells.