Independently, PAE-induced upregulation of the oncogene FOXS1 enhances EMT through upregulation of hypoxia-induced lipid droplet-associated protein (HILPDA), which activates the FAK/PI3K/AKT signaling cascade and further may drive metastatic progression in PCa (Ren et al., 2024). The gene discussed is HILPDA; the disease is posterior cortical atrophy.