HES1 and colorectal cancer: Given the strong association between UC and colorectal cancer, the observed inhibition of Notch1, Hes1, and cleaved-Notch1 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced Caco-2 cells and DSS-induced UC mice provides indirect evidence supporting EGCG’s potential involvement in intestinal tumorigenesis via Notch signaling (Li, 2022).