While existing research has successfully established a theoretical framework in which circRNAs influence the progression and therapeutic response of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by regulating core signaling pathways such as NF-κB, MAPK, and Wnt/β-catenin—and has revealed diverse mechanisms including functioning as ceRNAs, encoding peptides, or modulating protein stability—the field still faces several profound challenges and limitations. Here, NFKB1 is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.