Significant intergroup disparities (p < 0.05) were observed across 17 parameters: demographic (gender), biochemical (platelet count, total bilirubin, albumin, AST, AST/ALT ratio, APRI, INR, FIB-4), clinical (Child-Pugh score, ascites), and imaging metrics (spleen volume, tumor/non-tumor liver volume ratios, portal/splenic vein diameters, maximal tumor diameter, CNLC stage) (Table 1). Here, ALB is linked to neoplasm.