Following the success of immunotherapy in advanced and metastatic NSCLC, there has been a shift toward the application of immunotherapy (primarily, immune checkpoint inhibitors [ICIs] targeting programmed-death protein 1 [PD-1] or its ligand [PD-L1]) as first-line treatment for resectable disease without detectable EGFR or ALK mutations (10). Here, CD274 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.